Oral Cancer - Titsinides Savvas - Oral Medicine

Oral cancer is the 6th most common type of cancer in the world, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most commonly diagnosed in more than 90% of cases.

Epidemiologically it shows an increased incidence in middle-aged or elderly people, with a slight male predominance.

The main etiological factors are smoking, alcohol, human papillomavirus in some types of cancer of the pharynx, as well as overexposure to sunlight, which affects the lip area. These factors actually influence the growth and development of cancer as a result of genetic changes in the genome.

The diagnosis of oral cancer is particularly important for the treatment and survival of the patient. Generally valid for all cancer types, early diagnosis offers better results as over time the disease spreads locally by tissue infiltration as well as remotely through metastases.

Τhe treatment of oral cancer mainly consists of surgical excision of the lesion and may require radiotherapy as well as chemotherapy. Of course, inevitably the details of the treatment are individualized as they are influenced by the exact type, location and staging of the cancer in a given patient.

Frequently asked questions

How do I know if I have oral cancer?

The diagnosis is made by an Oral Medicine specialist after a thorough clinical examination and a biopsy of the mouth from an appropriate area.

Are there signs and symptoms that I should be concerned about?

Cancer is usually a relatively slowly progressing disease. During the development phase it is possible to identify various signs and symptoms such as an ulcer that remains for a while in the mouth without healing, sometimes accompanied by dull pain, white and/or red marks, numbness in an area of the lips or tongue, hard and persistent cervical swelling etc.

Is oral cancer curable?

Oral cancer can be cured permanently. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is crucial as they improve the prognosis and 5-year survival of patients.

Should some preparation in the oral cavity be done before starting oral cancer treatment?

The patient should be evaluated regarding any dental issues in order to remove teeth of doubtful prognosis or for those teeth to be treated appropriately if it is deemed that they can be preserved. A satisfactory level of oral health must be maintained and this should be evaluated periodically on a standard basis following the end of the cancer treatment.

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